Archive for the History Category

EPICENTER

Israel is the epicenter of history. As Joel Rosenberg and many others before him have pointed out, it is not only Israel, but Jerusalem and even the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. This is not a religious conclusion; it is what the evidence says.

I used to dislike history more than any other required
subject in school, because the whole thing was just memorizing ransom dates and
wars. It wasn’t until I took a(nother) required church history class under
Kenneth Scott LaTourette
that it all began to make sense. History is one
continuous story. Not only that, but it also has one continuous plot. Why is the
Middle East always in the news? No, it’s not the oil. That only accounts for
interest in the last 100 years. What about the previous 5,000?
Watch the 90-second video again if needed: Israel is always in the center–a
country with no natural harbor, no vast mineral reserves, no corner on any world
market, just the most fought-over land in the world. Why?

And then there are the people themselves. There is no other
people who lost their nation, were dispersed around the world, and yet continued
to exist as an entity for more than a few hundred years. The Jews remained a
distinguishable people for 1700 years before reclaiming their homeland in
1948
. This in itself should be enough to conclude they are somehow unique,
but add to that the repeated and focused attempts to wipe them out, and the probabilities say
they are " chosen."

What can one do with these facts? We must either accept the
fact that history not only has a plot, but also a purpose; or we can deny the facts. Oh, but
there is another more powerful alternative besides accept or deny: ignore the
facts.

Probability is the foundation of scientific discovery, yet
it is ignored when it comes to evidence for God.

OF THE PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF BELIEF AMONG DEMOCRATIC NATIONS

Noting that Alexis de Tocqueville completed Democracy in America in the early 1800’s, I am
amazed that he foresaw the American war of secession over slavery (1860’s) and
even that America and Russia would some day become world superpowers with
competing world views (1960’s). His power of prediction stem not from religious
claims, but from uncompromised logic, applied to carefully investigated of
facts, with clear understanding of human nature.

That understanding of human nature is most clear to me in Book 2, Chapter 2
of Democracy, where he addresses a subject that I wrestle with regularly
in my century–The inevitability (and value) of dogmatism.

According to de Tocqueville, not only are we all dogmatic,
we all must be dogmatic in order to think clearly and deeply. There are too many
things to think through, so we must trust someone else’s conclusions in order to
build and think completely about anything. Anyone who has traveled overseas, or
even into a variant of our own culture, has discovered how fatiguing it is to
simply go through the day: How and when does one cross the street? Which
direction does the traffic flow? What does a mail box look like? Things we
previously took for granted must now be thought about, draining our ability to
cope. So we in our daily lives accept as true many things we have not
investigated in order to think on other things. Our society is allowed to
accumulate knowledge, instead of reinventing the wheel every generation. This
serves us well more often than not. It is a good thing to trust and build on
trustworthy sources. But what happens when people trust the wrong source?

De Tocqueville draws another conclusion: The nature of
democracy leads people to depend more on majority thinking than on accumulated
experience.  "At periods of equality men have no faith in one another, by
reason of their common resemblance; but this very resemblance gives them almost
unbounded confidence in the judgment of the public; for it would seem probable
that, as they are all endowed with equal means of judging, the greater truth
should go with the greater number." In other words, majority thinking becomes
more powerful than experience handed down from our forefathers. History is lost.

That is a scary thought. And I’m afraid de Tocqueville has
predicted again the state of America and the free world. Those who can think,
must.

All Creatures Great & Small

Have you been following the science news recently about
Homo floresiensis
, sometimes referred to as the Hobbit? Some science
news sources refer to this short too-maker as " another
human species
" or even just " human-like,"
yet the name "Homo" means human. Some say the find
can all be explained by evolution theory, while others are more open about the
controversy.

This last reference points out that the dating clearly
places the bones within our own (Homo sapiens) time, yet comparisons are
made with fossils, human and not, dated millions of years ago. Homo
floresiensis
was buried with advanced tools, no sign of other humans around,
had a cranial shape that justifies analytical thinking, and must have gotten to
the isle of Flores by navigation. The only problem is the credibility of a
person three feet tall. So what?

Why can’t they just be recognized as short people, as in this
photo? Is the difference any greater than that between a
Chihuahua and a Great Dane
? The only reason all domestic dogs are considered
to be the same species is that we watched the breading take place in modern
history. It doesn’t mean that they are two different species or even that they
are in the process of becoming two different species. They are just swimming in
different corners of the same gene pool.  Because evolutionists must find
differences to justify crossing from one species to another, we are led down
these rabbit trails that have never led to discovery, but have led to the
justification of one human mistreating another.
Humans is humans. Enjoy the variety.

Global Warming v. Carbon Dating

If global warming is so critical an issue today, why is not
more effort put into explaining it to people? I find little disagreement that
there is a warming trend world-wide or that it relates to the amount of CO2
in the atmosphere. The debate seems to be over (#1) the cause, and (#2) should
we do something about it. Some would say, “Of course we should do something
about it! The ice caps are melting! The sea is rising! The
ocean conveyor belts
might turn off!” Yes, the oceans have risen by about
0.6 inches recently, but we also know that the oceans were once much, much
lower, because we find
stalactites in underwater caverns
, and stalactites only form in air, as
water evaporates from the ends of the columns. We also know that as CO2
increases in the atmosphere, plant growth is stimulated. One of the “alarming”
signs of global warming is that
crops are growing in Greenland
where they never grew before. Is that a
problem? Plants consumes CO2 in the production of food for itself and
oxygen for us.

Maybe we should do something, but I’m still at Square 1:
What is causing it? One position is that we are. I see data online that our
fossil fuel consumption contributes to the total, but I would like to see a
comparison of our contribution with the total CO2 that is out there.
What percentage of the whole do we contribute?

There is also a case that CO2 content
follows warming
, not the other way around. If that is the case, we can’t say
that CO2 content causes the warming. If you watch that trailer it is
obvious that the producers have a political agenda behind presenting the data,
but don’t all presenters? Doesn’t the
CDIAC
benefit with funding, if a “problem” must be monitored? (Financial
benefit to selective data is a subject I will probably write about later.)

Regardless of #1 or #2, CO2 content in the air has
increased
substantially in recent centuries. Has anybody put that fact
together with the concept of carbon-14 dating? Carbon-14 is a heavy form of
carbon (two extra neutrons in the nucleus), resulting from a reaction to cosmic
radiation
in the upper atmosphere. Animals and plants take it in as air is
circulated down from the upper atmosphere, and the amount remains pretty much
stable until the organism dies. The molecule is unstable, and tends to
degenerate back to normal carbon(-12), so once the organism dies, the level
deteriorates at a predictable rate, suggesting that we can calculate how long
the organism has been dead. This would be valuable for computing dates for
bones, artifacts, etc. that defy written history, except that the ratio of
carbon-14 taken in depends on the amount of carbon dioxide in the air, and the
amount used to be substantially less than when the dating
rubrics were computed
. That means all calculations based on carbon-14 are
suspect.

Global warming may or may not be our fault, and we may or
may not be able to do anything about it, but I am confident that we know less
about dating antiquity without the written word than most people think we know.

Motivation v. The Gap

One of the arguments I hear against allowing God in science
is that the Gap theory kills scientific investigation. The Gap theory they are
referring to is, "If we just say God did it, then there is no further reason to
investigate." This sentiment only makes sense to a person who is not motivated
by faith in God. The reality is that science as we know it is the product of
Christendom. Just as Christians once owned slaves as the world did, Christians
once believed in many superstitions.  For thousands of years people around
the world have believed superstitions because they believed that the "gods" were
whimsical and competitive, with natures hardly more honorable than our own. But
the Judeo-Christian God is not that way. He is understood to be orderly,
logical, purposive, and powerful enough to reflect that nature in all He has
made. That is why Christendom would not accept that the world around us was
incomprehensible. That is why it was Christendom that made alchemy into
chemistry. That is why it was Christendom that made astrology into astronomy.
That is why Johannes Kepler would not give up on discovering the mathematics of our
solar system. Kepler and many other founders of modern science believed in the God of John 1:1, where it says, “In the Beginning was the Word.” The Greek word used there in the original is not the only Greek option for “word,” it is LOGOS–the root of our English word “logic.” So read that verse, “In the beginning was the Logic, and the Logic was with God, and the Logic was God.” It says that the Judeo-Christian God is the logic behind the universe and all that we see. I just recently discovered the beautiful website of a Christian amateur astronomer, motivated by faith in that God to pursue his hobby. Check it out. Is it not motivational to think that when you look into a telescope that
you are looking into the face of God?

Of God & Slavery

Recently a friend pointed out to me how many "supposed
Christians" in history owned slaves, including the
Puritans and George Washington. He pointed to
verses in the Bible that seem to indorse slavery. Of
course his reason was to argue that if God is real and if God changes people,
how come these things are found in Christian history? This is a two part
objection: first is the Bible’s text, second is the behavior of Bible followers.

First, just because the Bible says to treat your slaves
well does not mean it endorses the concept. It also gives instructions on
divorce procedures, but
Jesus Himself said
it was not because divorce was a good thing. This is not
intended to be a theological blog, so let me quickly move on to the second
objection.

To scoff at Christians in history for owning slaves is to
target one group for what all of mankind shares guilt. The real question is not
"Who was doing it?" (everybody), but "Who stopped it?" This world-wide scourge
was first halted in Christendom through the efforts of devout Christians, such
as Thomas Clarkson, John Newton, and William
Wilberforce
. This Christmas I caught for the first time the words of the
hymn, "O Holy Night."
The third stanza begins

Truly He taught us to love one another;
His law is love and His Gospel is peace.
Chains shall He break for the slave is our brother
And in His Name all oppression shall cease.

This was penned in France in 1847, only one year before
France finally ended slavery. It was 40 years afterBrittan banned the
trade of slaves
, 15 years afterall British slaves
were freed
, but 12 years before theAmerican Civil
War
. Yes, it took a while, and much blood was shed in attacking a plight
that permeates all of human history, but correction began in Christendom, and I’m
afraid the battle must still continue.

Basically Good v. Basically Bad

Ron Hubbard is convinced man is basically good; the
Bible
says man is basically sinful. I have come to believe that where one
falls on this issue bears on how one sees virtually every other issue. Gun
control is for those who see man as basically good, because if we take away
guns, people will be good. It’s the weapons that are bad. It’s the same concept
that Obid
expressed in verse 2,000 years ago, when he said that the Iron Age began strong
weapons and thus the corruption of man. If man is basically good, then we should
be able to talk out our differences with other nations instead of going to war.
If man is basically good, then we should not have a death penalty, because the
criminals are just misguided. If man is basically good, then welfare should work
smoothly, because people will not take advantage of the system. Democracies will
flourish, because no one will seek power over others. If man is basically good,
then there will be a Utopian government some day, because the basic building
blocks of government are all the good people. And evolution must be true,
because every generation is a little better than the one before. The very idea
that somewhere in the distant past man chose to go into a fallen state is
perfectly unacceptable to any of the above. It makes more sense that if man is
basically good, then man is moving toward God. No, better yet: Man is becoming
God.

But the only democracy that lasts is one that has a balance
of power. Three branches of government work not because the rulers are good, but
because no one branch can overpower the other two. The
"invisible hand" of economics works not because people produce for the sake of others, but because
competing self-interests drives up production and drives down prices. It works
for people to bear arms, because no one will let anyone else take control.

The Art of Darwinsim

OK, if you go to this website, the painting is grotesque, but don’t let that distract you from the point here: In the last paragraph of this critique of a book on ugliness, the article’s author makes the following criticism of the book’s author: "If he had included the writings of evolutionary biologists, he might have told us why [universal disgust of certain sensations] could be so. That he shows no awareness of post-Darwinian science can mean only that he isn’t serious about locating the sources of aesthetic feelings." The author of the article is saying that he cannot respect a researcher who makes no reference to evolution, even if the subject matter is art. The article’s author is probably eluding to writings by biologists such as Edward O. Wilson and his theory that our sense of what is aesthetic comes from evolution toward what provides us food, shelter, and security.

My question is, why should evolution be invoked if aesthetic expression (and therefore aesthetic feeling) has never been observed to evolve? And it has not. Sure, technology has advanced, such as available media and geometry of perspective, but not expression of the heart nor talent of the artist. No one who really knows art can look at the cave paintings of Chauvet and say they are "primitive" in terms of aesthetic expression or talent. As a matter of fact, when they were first discovered in about 1835, they were assumed to be the work ofCelts, only a thousand or so years earlier. That being the case, I would suggest that the article’s author may need to look outside his box for what aesthetics really are.

To require reference to a particular theory in order to be taken as "serious" is to require a mind that is closed to ideas outside the theory. He is saying that the theory is fundamental to understanding anything and everything, and no theory can hold that ground. That requirement belongs within a given world view. That requirement is a religious requirement, not a universal one, and certainly not a scientific one.

Finest Hour

On June 18, 1940 Winston Churchill made his
most famous
speech
in an effort to mobilize England against a powerful enemy. There is
one sentence often quoted. I will quote the previous two with it for context:

"Hitler knows that he will have to break us in this Island
or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be free and the life
of the world may move forward into broad, sunlit uplands. But if we fail, then
the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known
and cared for, will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age made more sinister,
and perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science. Let us
therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the
British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still
say, ‘This was their finest hour.’"

If they failed, Churchill predicted "a new Dark Age..
perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science." No, I’m not taking
it out of context. He was not speaking of the atom bomb, because he was speaking
of after the war. He was speaking of a Dark Age of knowledge, just as the first
so-called "Dark Age" was supposedly a time of ignorance and controlled thought.
Hitler was using Darwinism as an ideological weapon to control the minds of
people into believing that his was the superior race, and no other had a right
to live and thrive. Science is a "light," and by it people find their way. If
the light is perverted, the people unwittingly and inevitably go the wrong way.

Two world views?

“Two world views are in conflict.. two philosophies of life.. one of these two worlds must break asunder.”

There are actually two groups of people in the world: Those who divide people into two groups of people and those who don’t.

I have read that Adolph Hitler made the top statement, but I have only documented the attribution as far as the Axis Powers, in a 1942 publication. In any case, it is a common position predicted by social identity theory. One premise of this sociological theory is that we all tend to consider ourselves to be in the “in group,” and everyone else is in the “out group.” Further we tend to consider all out group members to be alike, hence two groups. As an example, evolutionists seldom distinguish between creationists and intelligent design theorists. Likewise creationists often represent the masses as having only two world views, one Christian and one pagan. The result in both cases is that they can be blind-sides by the variety of attacks by those opposing their view. Evolutionists can pigeonhole scientists as religious and abandoning science, simply because they voice legitimate objection to Darwinian evolution. Some atheists do that. But likewise Christians may think they see softening in the opposition, just because they introduce “spiritualism” into the debate. Ernst Haeckel, whom Darwin cited for his now controversial illustrations of evolution using embryos, professed and promoted Monism (see Politics under Haeckel), an Eastern religious thought. Alfred Russel Wallace, who simultaneously published an almost identical theory of evolution with Darwin, became a mystic in later years. Darwin’s response to this was “I hope you have not murdered too completely your own & my child.” Even though Darwin was displeased with Wallace’s introduction of spiritualism into his theory of evolution, that does not mean that Wallace was any closer to a Christian Worldview. There was still a strict avoidance of direction by a Designer.